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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of Clinical Practice</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Clinical Practice</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клиническая практика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2220-3095</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2618-8627</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">654808</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/clinpract654808</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">EIMNDW</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Risk factors for post-operative cognitive dysfunction in neurosurgical patients</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Факторы риска послеоперационной когнитивной дисфункции у больных нейрохирургического профиля</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1304-2202</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6507-3940</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Saltanova</surname><given-names>Valentina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салтанова</surname><given-names>Валентина Анатольевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>valentinaslt72@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-7757</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">56806916100</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3162-0770</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kicherova</surname><given-names>Oksana A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кичерова</surname><given-names>Оксана Альбертовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>pan1912@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4313-0836</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1703-2302</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Reikhert</surname><given-names>Lyudmila I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рейхерт</surname><given-names>Людмила Ивановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>lir0806@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8486-496X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2748-9442</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Doyan</surname><given-names>Yulia I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Доян</surname><given-names>Юлия Ивановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>yul-gol25@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7289-4587</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3824-0682</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mazurov</surname><given-names>Nikita A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мазуров</surname><given-names>Никита Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nikita_banzay@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Tyumen State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Тюменский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Regional Clinical Hospital № 2, Tyumen</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Областная клиническая больница № 2, Тюмень</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-09-09" publication-format="electronic"><day>09</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-10-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>23</fpage><lpage>29</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-10"><day>10</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-08-17"><day>17</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://clinpractice.ru/clinpractice/article/view/654808">https://clinpractice.ru/clinpractice/article/view/654808</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> The impact of various risk factors on the development of post-operative cognitive dysfunction in neurosurgical patients requires research for decreasing the probability of developing this complication. <bold>AIM:</bold> To determine the effects of extra- and intraoperative risk factors on the development of post-operative cognitive dysfunction in neurosurgical patients after undergoing a vertebral column surgery with long-running anesthetic support. <bold>METHODS:</bold> The research was carried out among the neurosurgical patients with previous surgical intervention in the vertebral column, within the premises of the Neurosurgery Department of the State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the Tyumen Oblast “Regional Clinical Hospital No. 2”. The evaluation included the cognitive functions before surgery and on Day 3 after the surgical intervention using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), along with a panel of Isaac tests and the Munsterberg test. The calculated coefficients were the Pearson’s and the point biserial correlation coefficients regarding the following intraoperative risk factors: type and duration of anesthetic management, medications used for anesthesia and muscle relaxation, as well as the type of surgery. Evaluations were also made for the interrelation between the development of post-operative cognitive dysfunction and the following extra-operational risk factors: the age, the body mass index, the number of education years, the presence of arterial hypertension or diabetes and smoking. <bold>RESULTS:</bold> A notable positive correlation was observed between the development of post-operative cognitive dysfunction and the age (r=0.53; p &lt;0.01), moderate correlation with the body mass index (r=0.35; p &lt;0.01) and with the presence of arterial hypertension (r=0.42; p &lt;0.05). A moderate negative relation was observed for the number of education years and the development of post-operative cognitive dysfunction (r=-0.36; p &lt;0.01). The relation of the presence of diabetes with post-operative cognitive dysfunction did not show significant correlation. Smoking and surgery duration show low level of interrelation, which does not allow to comprehensively interpret the obtained results as significant. The type of surgical intervention and the duration of anesthetic support did not correlate with the development of post-operative cognitive dysfunction (r &lt;0.1; p &lt;0.01). A moderate correlation was found for the anesthesia conducting using a drug combination of desflurane+fentanyl (r=0.31; p &lt;0.05) along with the mild one when combining sevoflurane+fentanyl+ketamine (r=0.25; p &lt;0.05). The usage of fentanyl together with sevoflurane (r=0.07), propofol (r=-0.1) and sodium oxybutyrate (r=0.05) does not lead to post-operative cognitive dysfunction (p &lt;0.05). <bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> Elderly age, high body mass index, presence of arterial hypertension and low education level increase the risks of developing post-operative cognitive dysfunction. Using the desflurane+fentanyl and sevoflurane+fentanyl+ketamine combinations can also contribute to the occurrence of cognitive disorders.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Влияние различных факторов риска на развитие постоперационной когнитивной дисфункции у пациентов нейрохирургического профиля требует изучения для уменьшения вероятности развития этого осложнения. <bold>Цель</bold> — определить влияние экстра- и интраоперационных факторов риска на развитие постоперационной когнитивной дисфункции у пациентов нейрохирургического профиля, подвергшихся оперативному вмешательству на позвоночнике при длительном анестезиологическом пособии. <bold>Методы.</bold> Исследование проводилось среди пациентов, перенёсших операции на позвоночнике, на базе нейрохирургического отделения ГБУЗ ТО ОКБ № 2. Оценку когнитивных функций перед операцией и на третий день после проводили с помощью Монреальской когнитивной шкалы (MoCA), набора тестов Исаака и теста Мюнстерберга. Рассчитывали коэффициенты Пирсона и точечные бисериальные коэффициенты корреляции в отношении следующих интраоперационных факторов риска: вид и продолжительность анестезиологического обеспечения, препараты для анестезии и миорелаксации, вид операции. Оценивали также взаимосвязь между развитием постоперационной когнитивной дисфункции и следующими экстраоперационными факторами риска: возраст; индекс массы тела; число лет обучения; наличие артериальной гипертензии, сахарного диабета; курение. <bold>Результаты.</bold> Выявлена заметная положительная корреляция между развитием постоперационной когнитивной дисфункции и возрастом (r=0,53; p &lt;0,01), умеренная корреляция с индексом массы тела (r=0,35; p &lt;0,01) и наличием артериальной гипертензии (r=0,42; p &lt;0,05), а также умеренная отрицательная связь с числом лет обучения (r=-0,36; p &lt;0,01). Связь наличия сахарного диабета c постоперационной когнитивной дисфункцией не имела значимой корреляции. Курение и продолжительность операции имеют низкий уровень связи, что не позволяет полноценно интерпретировать полученные результаты как значимые. Вид оперативного вмешательства и продолжительность анестезиологического пособия не коррелировали с развитием постоперационной когнитивной дисфункции (r &lt;0,1; p &lt;0,01). Обнаружена умеренная корреляция с использованием в качестве анестезии комбинации препаратов десфлуран+фентанил (r=0,31; p &lt;0,05) и лёгкая — при сочетании препаратов севофлуран+фентанил+кетамин (r=0,25; p &lt;0,05). Использование фентанила совместно с севофлураном (r=0,07), пропофолом (r=-0,1) и натрия оксибутиратом (r=0,05) не приводит к постоперационной когнитивной дисфункции (p &lt;0,05). <bold>Заключение.</bold> Пожилой возраст, высокий индекс массы тела, наличие артериальной гипертензии, низкий уровень образования увеличивают риски развития постоперационной когнитивной дисфункции. Применение комбинаций препаратов десфлуран+фентанил и севофлуран+фентанил+кетамин также могут способствовать появлению когнитивных нарушений.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>post-surgery cognitive dysfunction</kwd><kwd>long-running anesthesiology support</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>постоперационная когнитивная дисфункция</kwd><kwd>длительное анестезиологическое пособие</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Evered L, Silbert B, Knopman DS, et al. Recommendations for the nomenclature of cognitive change associated with anaesthesia and surgery-2018. Anesthesiology. 2018;129(5):872–879. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000002334</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Abildstrom H, Rasmussen LS, Rentowl P, et al. Cognitive dysfunction 1-2 years after non‐cardiac surgery in the elderly. 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