<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of Clinical Practice</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Clinical Practice</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клиническая практика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2220-3095</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2618-8627</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">685114</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/clinpract685114</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">DNBUCC</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The tactics of weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass with blood-saving technique in cardiac surgery</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Тактика завершения процедуры искусственного кровообращения в рамках кровосберегающей концепции при кардиохирургических операциях</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5389-0874</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8997-8962</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kireev</surname><given-names>Yaroslav P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киреев</surname><given-names>Ярослав Павлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>yarikkireev@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2732-967X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2349-8980</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Klypa</surname><given-names>Tatiana V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клыпа</surname><given-names>Татьяна Валерьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>tvklypa@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9437-6591</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7778-2184</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mandel</surname><given-names>Irina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мандель</surname><given-names>Ирина Аркадьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>imandel@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8492-1605</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sungurova</surname><given-names>Daria S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сунгурова</surname><given-names>Дарья Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>sungyr@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8578-4710</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3722-1070</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yanovskaya</surname><given-names>Irina M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яновская</surname><given-names>Ирина Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>i.janowska@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3921-7509</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9614-5874</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shepelyuk</surname><given-names>Alexandr N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шепелюк</surname><given-names>Александр Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>shepeliuk77@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal Clinical Center for High Medical Technologies of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный клинический центр высоких медицинских технологий Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный научно-клинический центр специализированных видов медицинской помощи и медицинских технологий</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The First Sechenov Moscow State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-10-09" publication-format="electronic"><day>09</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-10-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>38</fpage><lpage>46</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-07-14"><day>14</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-10-01"><day>01</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://clinpractice.ru/clinpractice/article/view/685114">https://clinpractice.ru/clinpractice/article/view/685114</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND: </bold>Cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass is typically characterized by significant blood loss and the need for donor red blood cell transfusions. In addition to the inflammatory response, hemodilution, hypocoagulation, and blood loss significantly contributes to the development of perioperative anemia associated with the weaning from the cardiopulmonary bypass. <bold>AIM: </bold>Optimization of weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass to reduce blood loss during cardiac surgery. <bold>METHODS: </bold>Patients undergoing cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass (n=62) were divided into two groups. In the study group (n=31), all blood from cardiopulmonary bypass circuit was returned to the patient's central vein at the end of the cardiopulmonary bypass. In the comparison group (n=31), a standard method of pushing a residual blood volume from the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit with normal saline was used. Laboratory and instrumental data were analyzed. <bold>RESULTS: </bold>Intraoperative blood loss in the study group was significantly lower than in the comparison group (500 [470–520] ml versus 800 [760–830] ml, p=0.0001). Twenty-four hours after surgery, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, and amylase concentrations were higher in the study group than in the comparison group. At the end of surgery, the study group also had higher cardiac index (3.1 [2.8–3.6] versus 2.8 [2.6–3.1] l/m2 per minute, p=0.018) and global ejection fraction (28 [22–31] versus 22 [19–24]%], p=0.011). No adverse events or reactions were registered during the study. <bold>CONCLUSION: </bold>Complete blood return after cardiopulmonary bypass results in higher hemoglobin and hematocrit levels in the early postoperative period, accompanied by less blood loss and higher cardiac index and global ejection fraction after the main stage of the surgery without significant adverse events.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Кардиохирургические вмешательства в условиях искусственного кровообращения обычно характеризуются значительной кровопотерей и потребностью в переливании донорских компонентов крови. Помимо системной воспалительной реакции, гемодилюции и гипокоагуляции, важный вклад в развитие периоперационной анемии вносит кровопотеря, связанная с этапом завершения искусственного кровообращения. <bold>Цель</bold> — оптимизация этапа завершения искусственного кровообращения для уменьшения кровопотери при кардиохирургических операциях. <bold>Методы.</bold> Прооперированные в условиях искусственного кровообращения пациенты (n=62) разделены на две группы. В основной группе (n=31) по окончании процедуры искусственного кровообращения весь объём крови из всех магистралей аппарата искусственного кровообращения возвращали в центральную вену пациента. В группе сравнения (n=31) использовали стандартный метод отдачи остаточной крови из контура искусственного кровообращения с помощью вытеснения физиологическим раствором. Анализировали данные лабораторных и инструментальных методов исследования. <bold>Результаты.</bold> Интраоперационная кровопотеря в основной группе была значимо ниже, чем в группе сравнения (500 мл [470–520] против 800 мл [760–830], р=0,0001). Через 24 часа после операции концентрация креатинина, аланинаминотрансферазы и амилазы были выше в основной группе, чем в группе сравнения. В конце операции в основной группе также были выше сердечный выброс (3,1 [2,8–3,6] против 2,8 [2,6–3,1], р=0,018) и глобальная фракция изгнания (28 [22–31] против 22 [19–24], р=0,011). В группе сравнения индекс глобального конечно-диастолического объёма значимо снизился относительно исходного показателя (753 [665–900] и 647 [615–820] соответственно, р=0,019). Нежелательные явления и реакции во время проведения исследования отсутствовали. <bold>Заключение.</bold> Полный возврат крови после искусственного кровообращения в организм пациента приводит к увеличению показателей гемоглобина и гематокрита в раннем послеоперационном периоде, сопровождается меньшим объёмом кровопотери и более высокими уровнями сердечного индекса и глобальной фракции изгнания после основного этапа операции на фоне отсутствия значимых нежелательных явлений.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>artificial circulation</kwd><kwd>blood loss</kwd><kwd>hemohydrobalance</kwd><kwd>cardiosurgery</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>искусственное кровообращение</kwd><kwd>кровопотеря</kwd><kwd>гемогидробаланс</kwd><kwd>кардиохирургия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Bert AA, Steams GT, Feng W, Singh AK. Normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 1997;11(1):99–106. doi: 10.1016/s1053-0770(97)90262-7</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Perrino AC, Jr, Falter F, Baker RA. Cardiopulmonary bypass. 3rd ed. Cambridge Academ; 2022. 288 р. ISBN: 9781009009621</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Shander A, Corwin HL, Meier J, et al. Recommendations from the International Consensus Conference on Anemia Management in Surgical Patients (ICCAMS). Ann Surg. 2023;277(4):581–590. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000005721 EDN: LTDHYL</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Bhaskar B, Dulhunty J, Mullany DV, Fraser JF. Impact of blood product transfusion on short and long-term survival after cardiac surgery: more evidence. Ann Thorac Surg. 2012;94(2):460–467. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2012.04.005</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>De Santo LS, Amarelli C, Della Corte A, et al. Blood transfusion after on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: focus on modifiable risk factors. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2013;43(2):359–366. doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezs223</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Kunst G, Milojevic M, Boer Ch, et al. 2019 EACTS/EACTA/EBCP guidelines on cardiopulmonary bypass in adult cardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth. 2019;123(6):713–757. doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2019.09.012 EDN: FHKIMC</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Reyhancan A, Büyükadalı M, Koçak E, et al. Use of cell saver in elective coronary bypass surgery: what do we risk when saving blood? J Clin Med. 2025;14(12):4230 doi: 10.3390/jcm14124230</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Kochar A, Zheng Y, van Diepen S, et al. Predictors and associated clinical outcomes of low cardiac output syndrome fol-lowing cardiac surgery: insights from the LEVO-CTS trial. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care. 2022;11(11):818–825. doi: 10.1093/ehjacc/zuac114 EDN: GKONDS</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Ferreira LO, Vasconcelos VW, de Sousa Lima J, et al. Biochemical changes in cardiopulmonary bypass in cardiac surgery: new insights. J Pers Med. 2023;13(10):1506. doi: 10.3390/jpm13101506 EDN: PEJFIM</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Bolliger D, Tanaka KA. More is not always better: effects of cell salvage in cardiac surgery on post-operative fibrinogen concentrations. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2020;34(9):2383–2385. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.03.032 EDN: XDNTCB</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Woodman RC, Harker LA Bleeding complications associated with cardiopulmonary bypass. Blood. 1990;76(9):1680–1697.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Xie CM, Yao YT, Yang K, et al.; Evidence in Cardiovascular Anesthesia (EICA) Group. Furosemide does not reduce the incidence of postoperative acute kidney injury in adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis. J Card Surg. 2022;37(12):4850–4860. doi: 10.1111/jocs.17120 EDN: KZCISE</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
