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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of Clinical Practice</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Clinical Practice</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клиническая практика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2220-3095</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2618-8627</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">689950</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/clinpract689950</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">YAZTJB</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The results of esophagectomy with simultaneous esophagoplasty within the framework of the RAPOR program. Single-center experience of treating 500 patients</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Результаты эзофагэктомии с одномоментной пластикой пищевода в рамках программы РУПОР: одноцентровой опыт лечения 500 пациентов</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9068-3922</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">7003463000</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2587-8568</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ruchkin</surname><given-names>Dmitry V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ручкин</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Валерьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><email>ruchkindmitry@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6951-1816</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2525-9338</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalerova</surname><given-names>Natalia B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалерова</surname><given-names>Наталья Борисовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>kovalerova.nat@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2537-954X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4734-0837</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Strunin</surname><given-names>Oleg V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Струнин</surname><given-names>Олег Всеволодович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><email>struninov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4926-116X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5917-6510</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlov</surname><given-names>Valentin Aleksandrovich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козлов</surname><given-names>Валентин Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>kozipan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">A.V. Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр хирургии имени А.В. Вишневского</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-12-17" publication-format="electronic"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-02-05" publication-format="electronic"><day>05</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>18</fpage><lpage>29</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-08-28"><day>28</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-10-04"><day>04</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://clinpractice.ru/clinpractice/article/view/689950">https://clinpractice.ru/clinpractice/article/view/689950</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> Esophagectomy (EE) with simultaneous esophagoplasty is a high risk intervention accompanied by the high rate of complications (up to 74%) and hospital mortality (up to 10% in the high-flow centers). For improving the results of treating the surgery patients, the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) society has issued the recommendations on the perioperative management of patients. Based on the ERAS elements, we have compiled a flexible program for rational accelerated perioperative rehabilitation (RAPOR) based on the individual, team-based and interdisciplinary approach. <bold>AIM:</bold> to evaluate the treatment results in the patients after the esophagectomy with simultaneous esophagoplasty within the frameworks of the RAPOR program. <bold>METHODS:</bold> a single-center non-randomized retrospective research was arranged. Within the premises of the National Medical Research Center of Surgery named after A.V. Vishenvsky (NMRCS), during the period of 2012–2024, 500 scheduled primary EE were performed with simultaneous esophagoplasty due to the presence of the benign (54%) and the malignant (46%) diseases of the esophagus. The median age was 59 years. With this, 12.8% of the patients were older than 70 years. The median BMI was 23.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, but in 5.6% of the patients it was lower than 17 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. The median ASA was grade 3, while ASA grade 4 was reported in 8.6% of the patients. The pre-operative preparation was carried out in 27.8% of the patients. A total of 21.8% had a correction of nutritional insufficiency, 7% — correction of the cardiovascular diseases. Based on the analysis of case history data, further evaluation included the mortality, the rate and the severity of post-operative complications using the Esophagectomy Complications Consensus Group (ECCG) score. <bold>RESULTS:</bold> post-operative complications were observed in 29.2% of the patients. The more often diagnosed complications were the pulmonary ones (22.4%). Pneumonia was found in 10% of the patients. The gastro-intestinal complications were verified in 7.8% of the patients. Of them, the subtotal necrosis of the transplant was developing in 11 (2.2%) patients, the apical necrosis of the transplant and the esophageal anastomosis failure were reported in 11 (2.2%) and 11 (2.2%) respectively. The infectious complications were observed in 9.6% of the patients, urological — in 7%, cardial — in 6.2%, thromboembolic — in 3%, neurological — in 6.6%, wound-related — in 1.4% and other types — in 4.8% of the patients. The post-operative chylothorax was developing in 0.2% of the cases. The complications with grade III-b and higher according to the Clavien-Dindo classification were observed in 10.8% of the patients. The post-operative mortality was 1.4%. <bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> the implementation of the RAPOR program into the practice of the NMRCS has allowed for expanding the operability margins due to the addition of the aged and the comorbid patients, moving away from the criteria for selecting the patients towards the detection of the risk factors and their correction.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Эзофагэктомия с одномоментной эзофагопластикой — вмешательство высокого риска, сопряжённое с высокой частотой осложнений (до 74%) и госпитальной летальности (до 10% в высокопотоковых центрах). Для улучшения результатов лечения хирургических пациентов научное сообщество по ускоренной послеоперационной реабилитации (ERAS) выпустило рекомендации по периоперационному ведению пациентов. На основании элементов ERAS нами создана гибкая программа рациональной ускоренной периоперационной реабилитации (РУПОР), основанная на индивидуальном, командном, междисциплинарном подходе. <bold>Цель исследования</bold> — изучить результаты лечения пациентов после эзофагэктомии с одномоментной пластикой пищевода в рамках программы РУПОР. <bold>Методы.</bold> Проведено одноцентровое нерандомизированное ретроспективное исследование. В Национальном медицинском исследовательском центре хирургии имени А.В. Вишневского (НМИЦХ) в 2012–2024 годах выполнено 500 плановых первичных эзофагэктомий с одномоментной эзофагопластикой по поводу доброкачественных (54%) и злокачественных (46%) заболеваний пищевода. Медиана возраста прооперированных пациентов составила 59 лет, при этом 12,8% пациентов были старше 70 лет. Медиана индекса массы тела составила 23,5 кг/м<sup>2</sup>, но у 5,6% пациентов индекс был ниже 17 кг/м<sup>2</sup>. Медиана по стандартам Американского общества анестезиологов (ASA) составила 3, а ASA 4 набрали 8,6% пациентов. Предоперационную подготовку провели 27,8% пациентов, в 21,8% случаев выполнили коррекцию нутритивной недостаточности, в 7% — коррекцию заболеваний сердечно-сосудистой системы. На основании анализа данных историй болезней оценили согласно стандартам Консенсусной группы по осложнениям при эзофагэктомии (ECCG) летальность, частоту и тяжесть послеоперационных осложнений. <bold>Результаты.</bold> Послеоперационные осложнения наблюдали в 29,2% случаев (чаще диагностировали лёгочные осложнения — 22,4%; пневмония выявлена у 10% пациентов, желудочно-кишечные осложнения — у 7,8%), из них субтотальный/апикальный некроз трансплантата и несостоятельность пищеводного анастомоза развились в равном числе случаев — по 11 (по 2,2%). Инфекционные осложнения выявлены у 9,6% больных, урологические — у 7%, кардиальные — у 6,2%, тромбоэмболические — у 3%, неврологические — у 6,6 %, раневые — у 1,4%, прочие — у 4,8%. Послеоперационный хилоторакс развился в 0,2% наблюдений. Осложнения IIIb степени и тяжелее по Clavien-Dindo выявлены у 10,8% больных. Послеоперационная летальность составила 1,4%. <bold>Заключение.</bold> Внедрение программы РУПОР в практику НМИЦХ позволило расширить границы операбельности за счёт возрастных и коморбидных пациентов, отойти от критериев отбора пациентов в пользу выявления факторов риска и их коррекции.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>esophagectomy</kwd><kwd>esophagoplasty</kwd><kwd>accelerated rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>enhanced recovery after surgery</kwd><kwd>esophageal neoplasms</kwd><kwd>esophageal achalasia</kwd><kwd>esophageal stenosis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эзофагэктомия</kwd><kwd>эзофагопластика</kwd><kwd>ускоренная реабилитация</kwd><kwd>периоперационное обеспечение</kwd><kwd>рак пищевода</kwd><kwd>ахалазия</kwd><kwd>стриктура пищевода</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Torek F. 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