Response of the cutoff rigidity of cosmic rays to changes in the dynamic and magnetic parameters of the solar wind and geomagnetic activity during the storm on March 23–24, 2023

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Abstract

We investigated the correlations between the cutoff rigidity of cosmic rays and the parameters of interplanetary space, solar wind, and geomagnetic activity during a strong magnetic storm on March 23–24, 2023. The cutoff rigidity of cosmic rays was obtained by calculating the trajectories of particles in the magnetic field of the solar wind according to the Tsyganenko Ts01 model. The analysis showed that the changes in the cutoff rigidity is controlled mainly by changes in the indices of geomagnetic activity Dst (correlation coefficient k ≈ 0.95), as well as electromagnetic parameters — the total value of the interplanetary magnetic field B, its component Bz, the azimuthal component of the electricfield Ey and the plasma parameter β (│k│≈ 0.6–0.75). The parameters of the solar wind such as velocity V, density N, and dynamic pressure P have little effect on the variations of the cosmic ray cutoff rigidity (│k│<0.45).

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About the authors

N. G. Ptitsyna

Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: md1555@mail.ru

St. Petersburg Branch

Russian Federation, St. Petersburg

О. А. Danilova

Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation, Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: md1555@mail.ru

St. Petersburg Branch

Russian Federation, St. Petersburg

M. I. Тyasto

Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: md1555@mail.ru

St. Petersburg Branch

Russian Federation, St. Petersburg

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2. Fig. 1. Variations in solar wind parameters, IMF and geomagnetic activity indices during the storm on March 23–24, 2023. Vertical lines indicate the main phase of the storm.

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3. Fig. 2. Variations of geomagnetic thresholds ΔReff for the studied stations during the evolution of the storm on September 23–24, 2023. (a) – Dst index; (b) – ΔReff. The ΔReff curves are arranged from top to bottom in order of increasing CL station latitude (decreasing threshold rigidities Rc). The vertical lines mark the main phase of the storm, as in Fig. 1.

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4. Fig. 3. Diagram of geoeffective (│k│ ≥ 0.45) correlations of the values of variations in geomagnetic cutoff rigidities ΔReff with interplanetary and geomagnetic parameters.

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